UPSC CSE 2026 Calibrated

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Paper I — General Studies (GS)

200 Marks · 2 Hours

Current events of national and international importance Ask Guru

History of India and Indian National Movement Ask Guru

Indian and World Geography - Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World Ask Guru

Indian Polity and Governance - Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc. Ask Guru

Economic and Social Development - Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc. Ask Guru

General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change (no subject specialization required) Ask Guru

General Science Ask Guru

Paper II — Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT)

Qualifying (33%) · 200 Marks

Comprehension Ask Guru

Interpersonal skills including communication skills Ask Guru

Logical reasoning and analytical ability Ask Guru

Decision-making and problem-solving Ask Guru

General mental ability Ask Guru

Basic numeracy (numbers & relations, orders of magnitude, etc. - Class X level) Ask Guru

Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency, etc. - Class X level) Ask Guru

Essay Paper (Paper I)

250 Marks

Write essays on multiple topics: philosophical, socio-economic, political, international themes Ask Guru

Arrange ideas in orderly fashion, write concisely, and display effective and exact expression Ask Guru

General Studies I (Paper II)

250 Marks

Indian Culture: Art forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times Ask Guru

Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues Ask Guru

The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country Ask Guru

Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country Ask Guru

History of the World (Industrial revolution, world wars, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies: capitalism, socialism, communism) Ask Guru

Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India Ask Guru

Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty, urbanization issues & remedies Ask Guru

Effects of globalization on Indian society Ask Guru

Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism Ask Guru

Salient features of world’s physical geography Ask Guru

Distribution of key natural resources; factors responsible for location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries Ask Guru

Important Geophysical phenomena (earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclones), changes in critical geographical features, flora & fauna Ask Guru

General Studies II (Paper III)

250 Marks

Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions & basic structure Ask Guru

Functions and responsibilities of the Union and States, issues & challenges of federal structure, devolution of powers & local finances Ask Guru

Separation of powers between various organs, dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions Ask Guru

Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries Ask Guru

Parliament and State Legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers, privileges and issues arising Ask Guru

Structure, organization and functioning of Executive, Judiciary, Ministries, Departments, Pressure groups and their role Ask Guru

Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act (RPA) Ask Guru

Appointment to Constitutional posts, powers, functions & responsibilities of Constitutional Bodies Ask Guru

Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies Ask Guru

Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of design & implementation Ask Guru

Development processes & industry- role of NGOs, SHGs, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders Ask Guru

Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections & performance; laws, institutions, bodies for protection SC, ST, OBC, women, children Ask Guru

Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources Ask Guru

Issues relating to poverty and hunger Ask Guru

Important aspects of governance, transparency, accountability, e-governance, citizen's charters, institutional measures Ask Guru

Role of civil services in a democracy Ask Guru

India and its neighborhood- relations Ask Guru

Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests Ask Guru

Effect of policies and politics of developed & developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora Ask Guru

Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate Ask Guru

General Studies III (Paper IV)

250 Marks

Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment Ask Guru

Inclusive growth and issues arising from it Ask Guru

Government Budgeting Ask Guru

Major crops, cropping patterns, irrigation systems, storage, transport & marketing of agricultural produce; e-technology for farmers Ask Guru

Issues related to farm subsidies, MSP, PDS functioning & limitations, food security, technology missions, economics of animal rearing Ask Guru

Food processing & related industries in India- scope, significance, location, supply chain management Ask Guru

Land reforms in India Ask Guru

Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth Ask Guru

Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc. Ask Guru

Investment models Ask Guru

Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life Ask Guru

Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology Ask Guru

Awareness in IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-tech, bio-tech and issues relating to intellectual property rights (IPR) Ask Guru

Conservation, environmental pollution & degradation, environmental impact assessment (EIA) Ask Guru

Disaster and disaster management Ask Guru

Linkages between development and spread of extremism Ask Guru

Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security Ask Guru

Challenges through communication networks, social media role, cyber security basics, money-laundering & prevention Ask Guru

Security challenges and management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism Ask Guru

Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate Ask Guru

General Studies IV (Paper V)

250 Marks

Ethics & Human Interface: Essence, determinants, consequences, dimensions, public-private relations, role of family & teachers Ask Guru

Attitude: Content, structure, function, relation with thought and behaviour, moral & political attitudes, persuasion Ask Guru

Aptitude & foundational values: Integrity, impartiality, non-partisanship, objectivity, empathy, tolerance & compassion Ask Guru

Emotional Intelligence- concepts, utilities and applications in administration and governance Ask Guru

Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world Ask Guru

Ethics in Public Administration: Status, concerns, dilemmas, source of guidance (laws, rules, conscience), corporate governance Ask Guru

Probity in Governance: Philosophical basis, transparency, codes of ethics/conduct, citizen's charters, public funds, corruption challenges Ask Guru

Case Studies on various ethical and administrative issues Ask Guru

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